Over the South Pole 飞越南极
【课文】
In 1929, three years after his flight over the North Pole, the American explorer, R.E. Byrd, successfully flew over the South Pole for the first time. Though, at first, Byrd and his men were able to take a great many photographs of the mountains that lay below, they soon ran into serious trouble. At one point, it seemed certain that their plane would crash. It could only get over the mountains if it rose to 10,000 feet. Byrd at once ordered his men to throw out two heavy food sacks. The plane was then able to rise and it cleared the mountains by 400 feet. Byrd now knew that he would be able to reach the South Pole which was 300 miles away, for there were no more mountains in sight. The aircraft was able to fly over the endless white plains without difficulty.
【课文翻译】
美国探险家 R.E. 伯德在飞越北极3年之后，于1929年第一次飞越了南极。虽然开始时伯德和他的助手们拍下了飞机下面连绵群山的大量照片，但他们很快就陷入了困境。在有个地方，飞机似乎肯定要坠毁了。只有在飞至10,000英尺的高度时，它才能飞过这些山头。伯德马上命令他的助手们把两个沉重的食物袋扔掉，于是飞机可以上 升了，它在离山头400英尺的高度飞越了过去。伯德这时知道他能够顺利飞抵300英里以外的南极了，因为前面再没有山了。飞机可以毫无困难地飞过这片茫茫 无际的白色原野!
【生词和短语】
pole n. (地球的)极
flight n. 飞行
explorer n. 探险家
lie v. 处于
serious adj. 严重的
point n. 地点
seem v. 似乎
crash v. 坠毁
sack n. 袋子
clear v. 越过
aircraft n. 飞机
endless adj. 无尽的
plain n. 平原
【知识点讲解】
1 Though, at first, Byrd and his men were able to take a great many photographs of the mountains that lay below, they soon ran into serious trouble.
虽然开始时伯德和他的助手们拍下了飞机下面连绵群山的大量照片，但他们很快就陷入了困境。
(1)lie v. 躺下, 位于, 在于, 平放, 存在, 延伸, 说谎 n. 谎言
tell a lie 撒谎
lie做“撒谎”讲时，动词原形。过去式和过去分词分别是：lie,lied,lied; 做“位于”讲时，动词原形。过去式和过去分词分别是lie,lay,lain
If you feel unwell, go and lie down.
如果你感到不舒服，就去躺下。
He lied about his age to join the army.
他为了参军谎报了年龄。
2 At one point, it seemed certain that their plane would crash.
在有个地方，飞机似乎肯定要坠毁了。
(1)appear, look, seem
这些动词均有“看起来，好像是”之意。
appear: 指从感观印象看似乎是如此，但有时着重指因视野、观点限制而产生的歪曲印象。
look: 指从样子看起来，侧重通过视觉而建立的印象。
seem: 多指从主观印象或个反应得出的看法。
(2)seem + as if
seem + adv.
seem to be
seem that...
it seems that...看起来似乎...
seem as if 看起来似乎
He seems rich.
He seems to be rich.
It seems that he is rich.
他看上去很富有。
He seems as if he had never lived in England before.
似乎他从未在英国居住过。
3 It could only get over the mountains if it rose to 10,000 feet.
只有在飞至10,000英尺的高度时，它才能飞过这些山头。
could与过去时态有关,强调可能性
be able to强调成功地做
用过去式表达,表示在过去发生
过去完成时,强调在过去的过去
I am able to drive the car.
我会开车。
It could not be true.
这不可能是真的。
4 It could only get over the mountains if it rose to 10,000 feet.
只有在飞至10,000英尺的高度时，它才能飞过这些山头。
(1)arise, rise, raise, lift
这些动词均有“上升，举起”之意。
arise: 书面用词，多用于诗歌或比喻中，具有特殊的修辞色彩。
rise: 普通用词，指具体的或抽象的事物由低向高移动。
raise: 及物动词，常用词，多指把某物从低处升到高处，有时作引申用。
lift: 语气比raise强，指用体力或机械的力举起或抬起某物。
The sun rises in the east.
太阳从东方升起。
I was raised by my aunt on a farm.
我是在农场由姨妈抚养大的。
(2)rise一般不与介词up搭配使用，多单独使用，rise up中up是是多余的;
rise属不及物动词，其过去分词risen可作形容词，表示“已升起的”。
The moon is risen.
月亮已经升起来了。
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